Data Communication Reviewer

Reviewer DataCom: Chapter 1-5 Chapter 1: Intranet- Restricted group on a company and only allows internal employee access. Extranet- Type of network that allows outside vendors special access to limited info in a company. Protocols- Rules of communication. * An identified sender and receiver * An agreed-upon method of communicating * Common language and grammar * Confirmation or acknowledgement requirements Elements of a Network: * Rules or agreements: protocols or how the message is semt, directed, received and interpreted. * Massages: units of info that travels Medium: means of interconnecting these devices, can transport the messages* Devices: devices on the network exchange messages Messages- a generic term that encompasses forms of communication enabled by the Internet. Devices- several devices work to see that the message is properly directed to the source to the destination device. Icons- symbols that graphically presents network devices and media. * Desktop Computer * Laptop * Server – a computer dedicated to providing app services * IP Phone – a digital phone* LAN media * Wireless media LAN switch – most common device for interconnect LANs * Firewall – provides security to networks * Router – helps direct messages between networks * Wireless router * Cloud – summarize a group of networking devices * WAN media IP (Internet Protocal) & TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) – most common protocols * WWW – HTTP * E-mail – SMTP * Instant messae – XMPP * IP telephony – SIP Convergence – coming together of technologies onto a digital platform. It occurs when computer communications all use the same rules to transport their messages. Network Architecture – the conceptual plans on which a physical network is built. Fault tolerance- needs to function even if some components fail * Scalability- network’s ability to grow & react to future changes * Quality of service- p erformance level of services. Prioritize traffic and its characteristics to manage data. * and Security Packets-single message is broken into small blocks of data. Bandwidth- measure of the data-carrying capacity of the network. Chapter 2: Elements of communication: * Message source, or sender * Destination, or receiver *Channel- media that provides pathway Network- refers to data networks carrying massages. Segmentation- all messages are broken into smaller pieces Multiplexing- occurs when segments of two messages can shuffle into each other and share the medium. * Increased efficiency of network communication End device- a piece of equipment that is either the source or the destination of a message on a network. Host- an end device that sends or receives messages. Clients- other hosts that set up to store and share info by the host servers *The host address is a unique physical address used by hosts inside a LAN. Intermediary device- connects the individual host to the network and connect multiple individual network to form an internetwork. Network access devices* Internetwork devices * Communication severs * Modems * Security devices Network media: Copper, Fiber-optic cable, Wireless Encoding- refers to the way data is converted to patterns of electrical, light, or electromagnetic energy. LAN- a group of end devices and users under the control of a common administrator. WAN- a network that is used to connect LANs that are geographically far apart. Internetwork- is a collection of two or more LANs connected by WANs. Proprietary – A limited-use protocol owned by a company. Network Representations: Network interface card (NIC)- provides the physical connection to the network at the PC or other host device. * Physical port- is a connector or outlet on a networking device where the media is connected to a host.* Interface- refers to how the device can allow 2 different networks to communicate. The organizations that standardize networking protocols are: * IEEE – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers * IETF – Internet Engineering Task Force Interaction of Protocols: * Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – common protocol that governs the way that a web server and a web client interact. Transport protocol – Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the transport protocol that manages the individual conversations between web servers and web clients. * Internetwork protocol * Network access protocols – describes 2 primary functions: Data-Link Management & the physical transmission of data on the media. Layered Models – describe the complex process of network communication. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) – is the most widely known internetwork reference model.Provides an abstract description of the network communication process. Developed by International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Application, Representation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical TCP/IP Model – defines the 4 communication functions that protocols perform. * Application, Transport, Internet, Network Access Encapsulation- Process of adding control info as it passes through the layered model Decapsulation- process of removing extra information Protocol Data Unit (PDU) – generic term for data at each level. Chapter 3: Presentation Layer has 3 primary functions: * Coding and conversion of application layer data * Compression of the data * Encryption of the data TCP/IP protocols: Domain Name System (DNS) – used to resolve internet names to IP address. * HTTP – used to transfer files that make up the web pages of the WWW. * Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) – used for the transfer of mail messages and attachments. * Telnet – a terminal emulation protocol used to provide remote access to servers and networking devices. * File Transfer Protocol (FTP) – used for interactive file transfer between systems. Process – e ach executing program loaded on a device. Client/server model Deamon – are describes as â€Å"listening† for a request from a client. Application layer services and protocolsPeer-to-peer networking and applications * 2 or more computers are connected through a network and can share resources such as printers and files without having a dedicated server. nslookup – a utility that allows the user to manually query the name servers to resolve a given host name. ipconfig/displaydns – displays all the cached DNS entries 3 common message types are: * GET- is a client request for data. * POST and PUT- are used to send messages to that upload data to the web browser. E-Mail Server Processes: * Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) – process used to forward e-mail. * Mail Delivery Agent (MDA)Server Message Block (SMB) – a client/server file-sharing protocol. Chapter 4: Transport Layer – provides transparent transfer of data between end users, providing rel iable data transfer services to the upper layers. It enables applications on devices to communicate. * Tracking the individual communications * Segmenting data and managing each piece * Reassembling the segments * Identifying the different applications * Performing flow control between end users * Enabling error recovery * Initiating a session Flow Control – can prevent the loss of segments on the network and avoid the need for retransmission.Used to avoid buffer overflows. Two most common transport layer: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) – incurs additional overhead to gain functions. * Web browsers, E-mail, File transfers UDP (User Datagram Protocol) – provide the basic functions for efficiently delivering the data pieces. Has the advantage of providing low-overhead data delivery. * DNS, Video streaming, Voice over IP (VoIP) 3 basic operations of reliability: * Tracking transmitted data * Acknowledging received data * Retransmitting any unacknowledged data Socket – refers only to the unique combination of IP address and port number.Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) – assigns port number. Different types of ports: * Well-known ports (0 to 1023) – reserved for services and applications. * Registered ports (1024 to 49151) – are assigned to user processes or applications. * Dynamic or private ports (49152 to 65535) – also known as ephemeral ports, are usually assigned dynamically to client applications. netstat – a command that is an important network utility that you can use to verify TCP connections. It lists the protocol in use, the local address and port number†¦ Datagram – is a UDP segment (piece).Flags – are six 1-bit fields contain control information used to manage the TCP processes: * URG: Urgent pointer field significant * ACK: Acknowledgement field significant * PSH: Push function * RST: Reset the connection * SYN: Synchronize sequence numbers * FIN: No more data from sender *flags have fields that the only value is 1 bit and, therefore, has only two values: 1 or 0. 3 way handshake: Step 1 – SYN, Step 2 – SYN and ACK, Step 3 – ACK. Expectational acknowledgement – occurs when TCP uses the acknowledgement number in segments sent back to the source to indicate the next byte in this session that the receiver expects to receive.Window size – is the amount of data that a source can transmit before an acknowledgement must be received. Chapter 5: OSI Layer 3 – provides services to exchange the individual pieces of data over the network between identified end devices. The network layer describes four tasks to be performed: * Addressing packets with an IP address * Encapsulation – is the process of adding that information. * Routing – is the process router perform when receiving packets†¦ * Decapsulation – is the process of removing encapsulation data at different layers. Source IP address – is the IP address of the sending hostDestination IP address – is the IP address of the receiving host. IP header – contains the address information and some other bits that identify the PDU as a network layer PDU. Packet – is referred when an OSI layer 4 PDU has been encapsulated at the network layer. Hop – is each route that a packet takes to reach the next device. Common network protocol: * IPv4 – most widely used network protocol. * IPv6 – currently in use in some area. * Novell IPX – a widely popular internetworking protocol in the 1980s and 19990s. * AppleTalk – Apple Computer’s propriety networking protocol. Connectionless Network Service (CLNS) – a protocol used in telecommunication network. IPv4 basic characteristics: * Connectionless * Best effort (unreliable) * Media independent *Some networks have media restrictions and must enforce a Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU). Fragmentation â €“ is the process when the network layer builds the packets according to specification. Key fields: * IP source addressing * IP destination addressing * Time to Live (TTL) * Type of Service (ToS) * Protocol * Flag and Fragment Offset Other Key Fields: * Version * Internet Header Length (IHL) * Packet Length * Identification Header Checksum * Options * Padding *Because broadcast do not travel beyond the network boundary, the network is known as a broadcast domain. Gateway router – is the router a network uses to send and receive messages beyond the network. Hierarchical addressing – is read from the most general information to the most specific. Subnetting – the process when a large network needs to be divided into smaller subnets, additional network codes can be created using some of the bits designated for the host. *The default route is used when the destination network is not represented by any other route in the routing table.Next hop – is the add ress of the device that will process the packet next. *The route info can be manually configured on the router, creating what is known as a static route. Dynamic routing – when routers learn about routes automatically from other routers in the same internetwork. Routing Protocols – are the set of rules by which routers dynamically share their routing information. * Routing Information Protocol (RIP) * Enhanced Interior Gateway Protocol (EIGRP) * Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 3 key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network: * Purpose * Ownership * Geographic location

Defining Categories and the Tread of Commitment Essay

Defining Categories and the Tread of Commitment - Essay Example I suppose that seeing a list of these pieces of my life is enough to assume certain things that are between the lines of the listed items. For example, being male, white, upper class and having access to our highly successful family business means that I lead a life of privilege, to some extent. Being Christian, specifically Baptist, means that I have a well-shaped sense of morality and a well-developed conscience. Being Republican and having a successful family business means that I am pro-business and believe in the importance of hard work, planning and self-sufficiency. Being young and university educated means that I have dreams and a set of skills to attain them. Being male, in these times, is often confusing. As a Christian male, I am called to leadership in family, church and community. As an ambassador of Christ, I must always set a high example to others. I have a strong responsibility to protect family, church and community, with dedication and integrity, as a soldier of Ch rist. My first loyalty, my first priority, is to God and not to worldly success or social status (Community Christian Alliance Church, nd). On the other hand, as a family businessman, I am expected to work toward increasing success, attract more business and more money, and be dedicated to the goals of our company, while still remembering that my real treasure is Christ and salvation. As a male student, I am expected to relate to other students I meet out in the world, neighbors and people I bump into somehow. I am sometimes presented with temptations and distractions that conflict with Baptist Christian values. I spend a lot of time supporting our family’s international software business, so my priorities are not totally aligned with those of many students I meet. As a 22 year old, I do not always feel confident in my leadership and ability to protect. The information I get from films, newspaper and the news tells me just how complicated the world is, and I wonder how my par ents are sure that the answers they have chosen for our family are the right ones. I have no complaints about those answers. I fit into them comfortably enough and they feel right as I live them. But I have thought, sometimes, about how, if I had been born into a different family, even a family very opposite to my own, I would have different values and maybe a different religion and I would think in a totally different way. Or if I had been adopted, and still had the same genetic material I have now, but was just raised by different people, in a different social class, maybe by Democrats or maybe by a father who works in a factory or perhaps by a single mother, then who would I be? What would I believe? How would I behave? I can give myself a headache, just thinking of all the possibilities! Fortunately I am happy to be who I am. I enjoy my studies and my work. I am interested in keeping up with the political situation in our country and abroad. I find it fascinating to gain glimpse s into other cultures, other ways of doing things. Our software business operates nationally and internationally and handles contracts in the public and government sectors, so I gain a broader exposure to the world around me than some young people my age. It also gives me an opportunity to form opinions which are an

Religion Or Mythology In Greek Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Religion Or Mythology In Greek Culture - Essay Example There are two main types of myths in Greek culture; the divine myths that deals with the gods, their origins as well as actions, and heroic myths that are based on human actions. From these myths, one can affirm that Greeks valued life. They also believed in living their life to the fullest since they disregarded death as part of life (Sailors 7). Greeks also value specific people in the society. This is evidenced by their carving of imperishable legends that did magnificent things while they were alive. In other words, they carved their legends as one way of pursuing fame. In connection with this, it is apparent that some of the Greek myths influenced the lifestyle of youths. The myths were models of human excellence, and as a result of this, Greek youths emulates them. Greeks greatly admire strength, beauty as well as intelligence. The value of these elements is evidenced by their myth that grants men the power of measuring all things. In tandem with this, it is the nature of the G reeks to have a man deciding on almost all things in life. In conclusion, religion and mythology play a significant role in the Greek society. Religion enabled Greeks to communicate their experiences despite being made up of different religious practices. Apart from acting as self-representation of the Greek community, Greek religion served as a unifying factor. Greek myths show that Greeks valued life as well as specific people in the society. The involvement of religion in everything done in Greece led to the unification of the Greek’s religious culture.

Based Occupational Therapy for Adolescent Children Research Proposal

Based Occupational Therapy for Adolescent Children - Research Proposal Example Some agencies are starting to get involve in the public information campaign on various drug prevention and control programs whereby it adheres to the idea of using social influence and role playing to discourage adolescents from starting drug use and encourage them to refuse drugs in the future and consequently improve children's social health status. Historically, human infants are born without any culture. There must be transformation by their parents, teachers, and others into cultural and socially proficiently animals. The overall process of acquiring culture is referred to as socialization. During socialization, people learn the language of the culture they are born into, so as the roles they are to play in life. For instance, girls learn how to be daughters, wives, sisters, friends, and mothers. In addition, they learn about the occupational roles that their society has in store for them. People also learn and usually adopt culture's norms through the socialization process. Norms are the conceptions of appropriate and expected behavior that are held by most members of the society. While socialization refers to the general process of acquiring culture, anthropologists use the term enculturation during the socialization process to a particular culture. Early childhood is the period of the most intense and the most critical so cialization. It is then that we acquire language and learn the fundamentals of our culture. It is also when much of one's personality takes shape. But, note that if one continue to be socialized throughout lifetime. As people age, we enter new statuses and need to learn the appropriate roles for them. We also have experiences that teach us lessons and potentially lead us to alter our expectations, beliefs, and personality. For instance, the unpleasant experience of being raped would tend to cause a woman to be distrustful of others. According to Stoffel and Moyers (2004), individuals with problem on substance abuse are often referred to occupational therapy with the help of professional that deals more on self care, productivity through purposeful activities to help achieve the client's full recovery. Occupational therapy is a therapeutic activity or workshop that provides real life experiences to enhance individual's personality uplift self and has a meaningful life by means of rehabilitation. The major role of occupational therapists is to help the client become a successful member of the society again by allowing individual to develop a healthy lifestyle and participate in therapeutic activities (Gerrie ter Haar and James J. Busuttil 2005). Gordon (2003) stated that individual should change old habits by learning new skills and living a balance life that changes addictive behaviors to positive lifestyle, which uniquely outfitted to occupational therapy. Occupational therapy teaches skills to establish individual's role in the community. The purpose is to help individual balance responsibilities through learning effective coping strategies can communicate effectively and can be able adjust to stressful

Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design Essay

Conflict, Decision Making, and Organizational Design - Essay Example On the other hand, professional differences, which entail approach to assignments, skills and knowledge, also lead to conflicts, especially when an assignment is handled by a team. In the current world, various technological developments have led to more efficiency in the conduction of various assignments. As such, when two people conduct the same assignment using varying technologies, conflicts usually arise. Moreover, as businesses develop, there is usually the necessity of mergers or recruitment of new professionals, which may lead to the rise of conflicts. Despite the presence of such conflicts, many people usually find themselves in unhealthy conflicts, which usually poison the work environment. As such, it is necessary for employees, and management to understand the best way to solve such conflicts when they arise. This paper seeks to give an in-depth evaluation of the negotiation strategies used to address various workplace conflicts. Additionally, how evidence-based managemen t could be applied to the work environment, blocks, stages, and methods of creative decision making to determine the best approach T-Mobile should follow when making managerial decisions, and the environmental and strategic factors that affect the organizational design of T-Mobile will be evaluated. How I could apply negotiation strategies to address potential conflicts in the workplace. Negotiations are very essential in coming up with the best solution for different engagements in the workplace. In most cases, negotiations are unavoidable and thus being knowledgeable on the best negotiation strategies is essential. Negotiation involves various stages, which include preparation, dialogue, clarification of goals, negotiating towards a win-win situation, agreement and implementing the solution realized. Since conflicts also occur in my workplace as a customer service professional for T-Mobile, a clear understanding of how to handle conflicts as they arise and avoid poisoning of the w ork environment is necessary. Therefore, an understanding of factors such as technological developments, culture, age, personality, professional differences among others will help in taking the best approach in handling conflicts by making good negotiations. In this case, getting a clear overview of the underpinning factors leading to such differences is essential. In most cases, when conflicts arise, people usually make personal judgments, which in some cases do not solve the conflicts as anticipated. As such, having been well informed on how conflicts arise, I will always withhold judgment and use efficient problem solving techniques to ensure that the problem is solved completely, and that future occurrences of such conflicts are effectively handled. I will never ignore any conflict that arises as they usually arise out of something. In this regard, I will always utilize the structures implemented by T-Mobile to effectively handle the conflicts. Additionally, I will be very obser vant on how I handle every person or situations to avoid being at the centre of any conflicts. This is because, despite an act being minute, it can have adverse effects, which are beyond the expectations of many. Thus being extra cautious will help a great deal in avoiding occurrences of conflicts in future. Sharpening my negotiation skills and conflict management skills will be very effective in handling confl

The Makings of a Hero Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Makings of a Hero - Essay Example The Republic of the Philippines, an archipelagic nation located in Southeast Asia, classified among the third world countries, has made Overseas Contract Workers their most dynamic labor force, with more than 11 million workers abroad with remittances amounting to 64.7 billion pesos last year, it has played a major part in sustaining the economy of the country, making it the fourth (4th) largest recipient of foreign remittances behind India, China, and Mexico (source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OFW). But regardless of the economic help an Overseas Contract Worker can extend, the reality of being far away from home, living alone in a different land where traditions and culture vary from your own, letting others benefit from your talents and skills, serving and taking care for the needs of other's children while missing your own children's growing up years, is definitely, heartbreaking. But because of the will to provide a better quality of life, these OCW's carry on no matter the pain, with the hope that a better future is being stored for their loved ones with their hard work and perseverance. With all the struggles and sacrifices they are making, indeed, they are worthy to be the "Heroes of the Modern Day"- especially for countries where foreign notes have higher values than their own currencies, these Overseas Contract Workers, are really, doing a noble job. Anywhere in the world, a construction laborer can be found. Construction Workers, defined by Encarta as builders of large structures such as a house, road or bridge, can also be viewed as Heroes. These construction workers are usually people who were not able to acquire education, there were some who have entered school but more or less, not enough for a lighter, high-paying Mabini 3 job, thus construction become their only chance for toil. It is definitely not a career that one would choose if given the choice, but left without any option at all, they bear the work. Construction is definitely, not an easy employment. In fact it is one of the jobs considered to be most strenuous. It requires not just mental faculty with all those skills involved, not just stamina but superlative patience, but most of all, one has to have a strong and enduring physique to finish what has been started. With the construction workers around, people are assured that development will continue to flourish, roads will be constructed, buildings will keep on rising, bridges will be made to connect places and houses will be there for us to be our home- and all of these because there are people who are not afraid of taking all the risk in the workplace and are willing enough to

How to Redesign a Classroom to Optimize Learning Experience Essay Example for Free

How to Redesign a Classroom to Optimize Learning Experience Essay The overall learning goal for us students is to grasp what the instructor teaches in class and gain extra knowledge and abilities through class discussion and interaction. To that end, it’s best to study in an optimal learning environment, so as to keep focused in class and avoid distraction from externals. We pay for the service – our learning experience, hoping to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of this kind of service. An optimal learning environment is beneficial to building a cohesive team in which members could communicate with each other, and to encouraging interactions among all the students and the professor. Through observation of major students behaviors, I find that the current physical environment in our classroom was somewhat defective. The following key points are summarized as major gaps or pitfalls in the current environment. Late Arrivals: I find that most of the students arrive in the classroom ahead of or on time. However, some may be late and walk in across the stage, thus distracting other’s attention in class. Uncomfortable Chairs: The pad on each seat can make annoying noise when we unfold it. This will distract other students’ attention, especially those who sit near the moving pads. Various Seating Preferences: students are seated randomly, most of students like to seat in the front row, and the outer of rows, leaving some seats in the middle empty, so the best capacity in the room isn’t fully utilized. Randomly seating also results in inconvenience for some group members to sit together. Inconvenient Seating Arrangement: the space between rows is narrow, so it’s not convenient for students to walk through and it’s always noisy to move the small pads connected to the seats. Moreover, it’s such a long row that it would be inconvenient and a waste of time to walk through one side to the middle or the other end. Less Efficient Equipment Blackboard and Projector: For those seating in the side areas and in the rear, the visibility of the projector isn’t so good. Similarly, when the professor writes on one side of the blackboard, those who seat in the other side have difficulty in reading the handwriting. Dim Lighting: the lighting in the classroom is a little dark that it’s easy for us to fall asleep. The arrangement of lights in the roof isn’t so rational that sometimes we can’t see the blackboards because of light reflecting. Insufficient Ventilation: The windows in the back are closed all the time and the air conditioning always creates an environment that is too cold or hot and dry. Students usually don’t feel very comfortable when there’re too many students in the classroom. Difficult Access to the Classroom: More often, only one door is open to the classroom, thus restricting students’ access to the classroom to only one way. Those who can’t find a seat near the door can only go the other side, and this would distract other’s attention. Besides, once the door is locked, the students can’t open it from outside, requiring help from those in the classroom. The above-mentioned points about the seating and facilities in the classroom would present unfavorable impacts on our learning experience. So a new layout of the classroom is required to help enhance our learning environment. Here I categorize the objectives into four points as the conceptual design principles. * To make full use of the 75 minutes in class, which means there’s no or little disruption during class. * Perfect seating arrangement to facilitate easy access and smooth movement. * Minimum discipline required relating to seating arrangement so that everyone will feel comfortable when in class. * Make facilities, such as blackboard and projector, lighting, acoustics, and walls, conducive to learning experience. (b) What specific improvement would your proposed redesign help accomplish? Generally speaking, students will learn best in a clean, comfortable, and quiet environment where there are no external disruptions and noises. So we need a positive classroom climate to allow us to meet the basic needs of physical and mental health. The following session is about the recommendations I make to help alleviate the gaps and thus enhance the learning experience. Physically Comfortable Chairs: We could improve the quality of the chairs by signing contracts with those chair-makers who could provide user-friendly chairs. That is to say, the activity space for writing and putting stuffs would be larger, and it’s best for the chairs to be soundless when we unfold the pads with them. Easy Access Seating Arrangements: I will redesign the current layout of the seats by dividing all these seats into four columns and four rows. There could be four seats per column for the middle two columns, and the other two sides columns could have five or six seats each. The distance between each row could be larger so as to allow sufficient space for individuals to learn. This kind of design could enable students to access to the seats easily without disturbing others much. The professor could also make minimum requirements that those who come early seat in the middle, thus those who are late for class could seat in the sided columns without distracting others. More importantly, since a team is usually composed of four persons, it’s also convenient for groups to sit together. Additionally, in this way, students will seat together more compactly, facilitating discussion among teachers and students. Larger Projector Screen and High-tech Handwriting: It would be best to widen the projector screen in this rectangular room. As I mentioned above, for those seat in the sides and rear, it’s hard to recognize some important contents in the slides projected on the screen (e. g. numbers, charts). Enlarging the projector screen would surely enhance the visibility of projector and hence improve our learning experience. Meanwhile, I noticed that sometimes the handwriting of the professor is hard to read. And those sitting aside couldn’t see the notes in the blackboard clearly. So I recommend that the professor use high-tech product such as the pad or IBM’s tablet-based pen, by which the professor could write on the screen of the laptop and it could then be projected in the blackboard screen. With enlarged screen, the visibility of handwriting could also be enhanced. Bright Lighting and â€Å"Audiovisual Scenario†: We need to add more electrical lights in our classroom and rearrange the light distribution. However, the lights couldn’t be too bright to harm the eyes and result in reflecting. More importantly, we need to consider the illuminance levels according to daylight, glaring and uniformity. Another thing we need to take into account is the lighting requirements for video images. So it’s best for us to have two distinctly lighting setups: a â€Å"bright† classroom with appropriate illuminance throughout the classroom, and an †audiovisual† scenario that limits light on the screen to a suitable level when we see vedios in class. Warm Color of walls: Choosing the right color for classroom walls is conducive to learning experience. The right pain color of the wall can transform a distracted environment into a focused space. White is a traditional color, but it could undermine the learning environment of the classroom. It reflects most of the lights that hits it, and could be harsh and exhaust our eyes. While taupe and cream colors of wall would be warmer, and could help students more focused. Evidence also shows that warm colors such as taupe and cream can stimulate creativity. Using different colors on the wall where there’re some facilities so as to remind the professor and students of the purpose of them. For example, the background color of the walls on which there are hangers could be light blue or purple, colors which can also help you relaxed and calmed. Optimized Ventilation: The method of distributing outdoor air in classroom has a positive impact on indoor air quality and thermal comfort of students. So it would be better if students could open the windows in the back wall when the class is finished. And students who come for the next class could close the windows before class, letting fresh air come in for 15-20 minutes. Moreover, It’s best to leave the two doors to the classroom open. On the one hand, it could expedite the flow rate of air and enhance the ventilation and exchange effectiveness. On the other hand, leaving two doors open would facilitate those late arrivals to find seats in the sides, so that they don’t need to go straightly in front of the teacher, thus diminishing distraction. External Diminished Noise and Distraction: Since the walls in the classroom are already sound proof, we don’t need to worry about the noise from outside. The major noise created by late arrivals to move through seats could be addressed through the new layout of seats and improved seat quality. Hence, students would be more focused in class. Clean Environment and Safety Facilities: Basically, a clean environment in the classroom is a must for students to gain the best learning experience. Students should be required to take with them the trashes after class, and the cleaners also need to tide the classrooms more frequently. Furthermore, It’s best to check the safety facilities in the classroom such as the fire alarm on a regular basis, say, twice a month. Because students will be relieved when they know they are learning in a safe place. In sum, the above-mentioned rearrangements are all considered to be physically, emotionally and academically favorable to the learning experience in this classroom. Once students are physically comfortable with the environment they are in, they will be emotionally focused on what they are learning and talking. Moreover, the academically improved learning equipment could maximize the learning experience the students would go through.